Download PDF The Necessity of Atheism, by Percy Bysshe Shelley
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The Necessity of Atheism, by Percy Bysshe Shelley
Download PDF The Necessity of Atheism, by Percy Bysshe Shelley
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"The Necessity of Atheism" is a treatise on atheism by the English poet Percy Bysshe Shelley, printed in 1811 by C. and W. Phillips in Worthing while Shelley was a student at University College, Oxford. A copy of the first version was sent as a short tract signed enigmatically to all heads of Oxford colleges at the University. At that time the content was so shocking to the authorities that he was "rusticated" (expelled from the University) for refusing to deny authorship, together with his friend and fellow student, Thomas Jefferson Hogg. A revised and expanded version was printed in 1813.
Shelley's early profession of atheism in this tract not only led to his expulsion from Oxford but also branded him as a radical agitator and thinker, setting an early pattern of marginalisation and ostracism from the intellectual and political circles of his time. Though Shelley's poetry and prose output remained steady throughout his life, most publishers and journals declined to publish his work for fear of being arrested themselves for blasphemy or sedition.
Shelley did not live to see success and influence in his time, although these reach down to the present day not only in literature, but in major movements in social and political thought.
- Sales Rank: #966339 in eBooks
- Published on: 2013-04-16
- Released on: 2013-04-16
- Format: Kindle eBook
Most helpful customer reviews
4 of 4 people found the following review helpful.
THE FAMED POET'S EARLY ESSAYS ON ATHEISM, AND AGAINST CHRISTIANITY
By Steven H Propp
Shelley's publication of "The Necessity of Atheism"---or rather, his refusal to repudiate it---resulted in his explusion from Oxford, and later in a falling-out with his father.
In the Essay on Christianity, he observes, "Jesus Christ would hardly have cited, as an example of all that is gentle and beneficent and compassionate, a Being who shall deliberately scheme to inflict on a large portion of the human race tortures indescribably intense and indefinitely protracted; who shall inflict them, too, without any mistake as to the true nature of pain---without any view to future good---merely because it is just."
In The Necessity of Atheism, he argues, "It is urged that man knows... that whatever is not eternal must have had a cause. When this reasoning is applied to the universe, it is necessary to prove that it was created: until that is clearly demonstrated we may reasonably suppose that it has endured from all eternity. We must prove design before we can infer a designer... it is easier to suppose that the universe has existed from all eternity than to conceive a being beyond its limits capable of creating it..." He adds, "this God is himself founded only on the authority of a few men who pretend to know him, and to come in his name and announce him on earth. A God made by man undoubtedly has need of man to make himself known to man."
He further states, "The all-powerful, should he not have more convincing means by which to show himself to man than these ridiculous metamorphoses, these pretended incarnations, which are attested by writers so little in agreement among themselves?... could he not convince the human mind in an instant of the things he wished to make known to it?.. No one would then be able to doubt the existence of God, of his clear will, or his visible intentions."
In his essay, "A Refutation of Deism," he says, "The supposition that God has never supernaturally revealed his will to man at any other period than the original creation of the human race, necessarily involves a compromise of his benevolence. It assumes that he withheld from mankind a benefit which it was in his power to confer. That he suffered his creatures to remain in ignorance of truths essential to their happiness and salvation." He adds sarcastically, "I will admit that one prediction of Jesus Christ has been indisputably fulfilled. 'I come not to bring peace upon earth, but a sword.' [Mt 10:34] Christianity indeed has equalled Judaism in the atrocities, and exceeded it in the extent of its desolation."
These essays are of interest not just to those studying Shelley, but also to rationalists, skeptics, freethinkers, and atheists.
1 of 1 people found the following review helpful.
THE FAMED POET'S EARLY ESSAYS ON ATHEISM, AND AGAINST CHRISTIANITY
By Steven H Propp
Shelley's publication of "The Necessity of Atheism"---or rather, his refusal to repudiate it---resulted in his explusion from Oxford, and later in a falling-out with his father.
In the Essay on Christianity, he observes, "Jesus Christ would hardly have cited, as an example of all that is gentle and beneficent and compassionate, a Being who shall deliberately scheme to inflict on a large portion of the human race tortures indescribably intense and indefinitely protracted; who shall inflict them, too, without any mistake as to the true nature of pain---without any view to future good---merely because it is just."
In The Necessity of Atheism, he argues, "It is urged that man knows... that whatever is not eternal must have had a cause. When this reasoning is applied to the universe, it is necessary to prove that it was created: until that is clearly demonstrated we may reasonably suppose that it has endured from all eternity. We must prove design before we can infer a designer... it is easier to suppose that the universe has existed from all eternity than to conceive a being beyond its limits capable of creating it..." He adds, "this God is himself founded only on the authority of a few men who pretend to know him, and to come in his name and announce him on earth. A God made by man undoubtedly has need of man to make himself known to man."
He further states, "The all-powerful, should he not have more convincing means by which to show himself to man than these ridiculous metamorphoses, these pretended incarnations, which are attested by writers so little in agreement among themselves?... could he not convince the human mind in an instant of the things he wished to make known to it?.. No one would then be able to doubt the existence of God, of his clear will, or his visible intentions."
In his essay, "A Refutation of Deism," he says, "The supposition that God has never supernaturally revealed his will to man at any other period than the original creation of the human race, necessarily involves a compromise of his benevolence. It assumes that he withheld from mankind a benefit which it was in his power to confer. That he suffered his creatures to remain in ignorance of truths essential to their happiness and salvation." He adds sarcastically, "I will admit that one prediction of Jesus Christ has been indisputably fulfilled. 'I come not to bring peace upon earth, but a sword.' [Mt 10:34] Christianity indeed has equalled Judaism in the atrocities, and exceeded it in the extent of its desolation."
These essays are of interest not just to those studying Shelley, but also to rationalists, skeptics, freethinkers, and atheists.
1 of 1 people found the following review helpful.
A brilliant mind chooses science over religion--logical proof over blind faith
By Gary W Fandel
A great essay from a brilliant, critically thinking young mind during very difficult times in human history. If only the evangelicals and fundamentalists of this new century could think independently and critically beyond the pulpit and Fox News of today. A short essay in courage and light.
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